成人學(xué)位英語(yǔ)《語(yǔ)法》復(fù)習(xí)攻略大全

成人學(xué)位英語(yǔ)《語(yǔ)法》的復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)是什么？成人學(xué)位英語(yǔ)考試難度基本相當(dāng)于大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)，這是大眾眼里的學(xué)位英語(yǔ)，也是成人本科生學(xué)位申請(qǐng)的必要條件。其中語(yǔ)法在成人學(xué)位英語(yǔ)考試中占分值很高，接下來(lái)就跟著小編一起來(lái)了解一下吧

動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)?

特別關(guān)注：

1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的特殊用法;2、一般過(guò)去時(shí);3、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)4、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)5、過(guò)去完成時(shí);6、將來(lái)完成時(shí);7、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行完成時(shí);8、過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。

一、一般現(xiàn)在式：

特殊用法： 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)從句(if, unless)中表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作:

A.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(before, after, untill, as soon as, when)：

They will go home for winter vocation as soon as they _finish_their exams.

When the mixture _is heated , it will give off a powerful force.

34.”When are you going to visit your uncle in Chicago?”

“As soon as D.we complete our work for tomorrow.” (03/11試A)

B.條件狀語(yǔ)(if, unless)：

We’ll go fishing if weather is good tomorrow.

D。改為is free。when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。2000年試題A

I can’t go to your birthday party unless my father agrees.

除非我爸爸同意,否則我去不了你的生日會(huì)

二、一般過(guò)去時(shí)： (要掌握常用不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式及過(guò)去分詞形式,40個(gè)左右)

1、簡(jiǎn)單陳述去過(guò)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)：would do

2、used to do sth 過(guò)去常常做(現(xiàn)在不做了);

be used to doing 習(xí)慣于做……(現(xiàn)在還在做)

We used to swim in the river when we were in the countryside.

我們過(guò)去常在河里游泳。(現(xiàn)在不了)

The old man is used to getting up early in the morning. 老人習(xí)慣早起

3、It is …time since +從句引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中, since后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)(自從…以來(lái))

三、一般將來(lái)時(shí)

1、will(shall)+原形動(dòng)詞：表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

例：He will come and help you. 他會(huì)來(lái)幫助你的。

2、be going to +動(dòng)詞原形：表示馬上就要發(fā)生的事情或打算好要做的事。

例：Are you going to attend the lecture? 你打算去聽(tīng)這個(gè)演講嗎?

3、be to +動(dòng)詞原形： 強(qiáng)調(diào)按安排或計(jì)劃\命令要求\命中注定的動(dòng)作

The Third-Ring Road is to be open to traffic before National Day三環(huán)路將在國(guó)慶節(jié)前通車(chē)。

You are to do your homework. 你必須先做作業(yè)

Your plan is to fail. 你的計(jì)劃注定失敗

4、用某些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表達(dá)根據(jù)計(jì)劃、安排而將于近期(將來(lái))發(fā)生的事情，代表動(dòng)詞：go ,come, start, stop, arrive， leave， play等

We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我們明天動(dòng)身去北京。

5、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)(見(jiàn)前一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))

四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

1、表示說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)(現(xiàn)階段)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

The teacher is talking with his students. 這位老師正在同他的學(xué)生交談

表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，但此刻并不一定在進(jìn)行。

I am attending a conference in Beijing. 我正在北京參加一個(gè)會(huì)議。

2、表示經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，但往往帶有欣賞、厭惡等的感***彩

He is always thinking of others first. 他總是先為別人著想。(欣賞)

Why are you always leaving things behind. 你怎么總是丟三落四的(厭惡)

3、描述某人一時(shí)的表現(xiàn)，通常用動(dòng)詞be 的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)

She is being friendly today. 她今天很友善。(平時(shí)不這樣)

五、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) was/were doing

表示在過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常需用表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或通過(guò)上下文來(lái)判斷時(shí)間。

I fell and hurt myself while I _ A. was playing_ tennis. (98年43題)

重點(diǎn)：when 和while 的區(qū)別

when 表示時(shí)間上的點(diǎn)，引導(dǎo)的句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí)

while 表示持續(xù)的一段時(shí)間，引導(dǎo)的句子用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

六、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have/has done(過(guò)去分詞)

1、表示過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在這段時(shí)間完成完成并對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)， 常和just, already, so far, yet, up to now, up to the present, recently, lately, in the past few years 連用。

I have seeen the film. 我看過(guò)這個(gè)電影。(我了解電影的內(nèi)容)

2、表示過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)、經(jīng)歷或習(xí)慣等，通常和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用： stay, study, live, to be, teach, work …, 常用since， even since引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)或從句，或由for 引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)連用。

He has lived here for 30 years. 他住在這兒已經(jīng)三十年了(現(xiàn)在還住在這兒)

Have you even been to Tibet? 你去過(guò)西藏嗎?

C。應(yīng)改為 have had difficulty 。因?yàn)閑ver since 引導(dǎo)句子的時(shí)候，從句用過(guò)去時(shí)，

主句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。(2001年試題)

3、固定句式：it is the first/second/last time that +延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞過(guò)去完成時(shí)

It is the first time that I have met Jane. 那是我第一次見(jiàn)到簡(jiǎn)。

(2)It is 3 years since I left Shanghai .我離開(kāi)上海已經(jīng)三年了。

4、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)

Jone has lived Landon for 10 years. 現(xiàn)在還住

Jone lived Landon for 10 years. 曾經(jīng)住，現(xiàn)在不在了

七、過(guò)去完成時(shí) had done

1、表示在過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作(即過(guò)去的過(guò)去)。可用by, uptill, before, after, when等介詞或連詞引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)或從句表示。

When I arrived he had left. 我到那他剛走

40、When I went to visit Mrs.Smith last week, I was told she D. had left tow days before. (0311試A)

2、沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)間先后收上下文表示：

I didn’t know he had moved out. 我不知道他已經(jīng)搬家了

3、特殊用法：

(1)和before連用，表示“還沒(méi)來(lái)得及…就…“

She wept before I had realized what was happening.

我還沒(méi)明白怎么回事之前她就哭了

2)It was the first/second/last time that + 過(guò)去完成時(shí)

It was the first time (that) they had tried foreign food.

這是他們第一次吃西餐。

4、常用在no sooner …than…, hardly/scarcely/barely…when…，一…就…。句型之中，句子到裝。

I had no sooner returned than he called.

八、將來(lái)完成時(shí)：表示在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間以前已完成或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作

By the end of next month, he will have been here for 10 years.

到下個(gè)月為止，他在這住了10年了

24、I _D.shall have finished _ writing the article by the time you get. (00)

30. By next year he A. has worked in New York for five years. (0411A)

九、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作 have/has been doing

We have been waiting for you for an hour.

我們等了你一小時(shí)了。( 動(dòng)作到此為止，不持續(xù)下去)

I have been learning English for 10 years.

我學(xué)英語(yǔ)10年了。(還要繼續(xù)學(xué)下去)

十、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：表示相對(duì)于過(guò)去的將來(lái)，多見(jiàn)于間接引語(yǔ) 出現(xiàn)在閱讀或完型中形式：?would do 或 was/were going to do

He said that he would watch his car the next day. 他說(shuō)明天要洗車(chē)。

He said that he was going to watch his car the next day.

十一、過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻以前一直延續(xù)的的動(dòng)作 had been doing

They had been waiting for an hour before the bus came.

64. Even though Sedat has been studying English for three years before came to the United States , It is still difficult for him to expresshimself. (0304A)

B. has been 改為 had been

十二、將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻以前一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

By next month he will have been working in out factory for 30 years.

到下個(gè)月他在我們工廠(chǎng)工作30年了。

41. By the time you arrive this evening, D. I will have been studying for two house. (0411A)

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) to do sth. 一般集中在挑錯(cuò)題中

特別關(guān)注：不定式的被動(dòng)式，由主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)時(shí)to的特殊處理

相關(guān)知識(shí)：

A、及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞

及物動(dòng)詞：后面可直接加賓語(yǔ)(名詞、動(dòng)名詞、人稱(chēng)代詞的賓格、數(shù)詞)

不及物動(dòng)詞：后面不可直接加賓語(yǔ)，+介詞+賓語(yǔ)

有些動(dòng)詞在不同的句子中既可作及物動(dòng)詞，也可作不及物動(dòng)詞。water

49. These part-time students expect to to offer some jobs on campus during the coming summer vacation. (0404A)

答：A，改為to be offed。

offer為及物動(dòng)詞，后面必須有賓語(yǔ)，若后面賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)是被動(dòng)句

B、行為動(dòng)詞與系動(dòng)詞

行為動(dòng)詞：表示實(shí)際動(dòng)作，包括表示思維活動(dòng)的詞: want, think…等

系動(dòng)詞：表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征，be動(dòng)詞、可放在形容詞前的某些動(dòng)詞：get、run、turn、smell…等

一、何種情況下可使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：

1，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的接受者。

The kitchen is shared by the three of us. 廚房是我們?nèi)擞谩?/p>

Football is played over of the world. 世界各地都踢足球。

2，不知道或沒(méi)必要說(shuō)明的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。

The data have been computerized for two years now.

這些數(shù)據(jù)已經(jīng)由計(jì)算處理兩年了。

These books are written for children. 這些書(shū)是兒童讀物

3，出于禮貌、措辭婉轉(zhuǎn)等原因不方便、不愿意說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。

I was told that you are very lazy. 我聽(tīng)人說(shuō)你很懶。

The car was damaged. 車(chē)撞壞了。

4，避免變換主語(yǔ)，以求行文流暢。

He appeared on the stage and was warmly applaused by the audience.

他出現(xiàn)在舞臺(tái)上時(shí)，觀(guān)眾的熱烈鼓掌。