things coaches should know托福聽(tīng)力原文翻譯及問(wèn)題答案

things coaches should know托福聽(tīng)力原文翻譯及問(wèn)題答案

一、things coaches should know托福聽(tīng)力原文：

NARRATOR:Listen to part of a lecture in a Sports Management class.

FEMALE PROFESSOR:So...I want to end today with a topic that many of you have had questions about when you’ve come to see me during my office hours.A lot of you have told me you're specifically interested in careers as coaches.

Now,it doesn't matter what sport you’re interested in coaching...volleyball,basketball,swimming...there are some considerations for all new coaches to think about as they plan their careers.

A recent study–a survey of high-school head coaches–helped identify some obstacles...some things that head coaches felt they were not prepared for as they began their careers.They were surveyed to determine what things they would do differently if they were starting their careers over again.Based on their responses,several themes emerged.

The largest number of responses was in the area of relationships–79 percent of the coaches indicated that,if they had it to do all over again,they would do things differently in this area.They said they'd deal differently with assistant coaches,parents,student-athletes,school administration...and,and pay more attention to those relationships.

The second most critical area for these coaches was organization and administration.To them,this meant things like better managing their budgets and delegating responsibilities...making sure that even minor things were taken care of—like pregame meals...those sorts of things.

MALE STUDENT:Excuse me,Professor.I know good nutrition is important,but organizing pre-game meals isn't really something you consider when you're thinking about going into coaching as a career...

FEMALE PROFESSOR:No.I guess not,Kenny.But…it's more an example of paying attention to the details...being organized.

I do want to emphasize that the profession of coaching is about more than just wins and losses.In fact,winning is probably stressed too much.At its best,I'd say coaching–especially in high school and college–is about teaching life skills through game strategy.Of course coaching requires a specialized body of knowledge–if you coach tennis,you need to know the rules of tennis...if you're a football coach,you need to know all about football strategies–and those are the sorts of things that you'll get in your classes here at the university...But if coaches spend too much of their time on game strategy,well…y’see maybe that's secondary to...to the knowledge and skills you'll need for the other roles you'll undertake as a coach–especially,as that survey emphasized,skills in dealing with people and,and administration…

MALE STUDENT:But how do you...how do you improve in those areas?I mean,...I'm gonna be an assistant coach at a high school,beginning next month,and...

FEMALE STUDENT:Really?Nice going,Kenny!

FEMALE PROFESSOR:Yes.That's wonderful!

MALE STUDENT:Thanks.I’m excited.

FEMALE PROFESSOR:So...Congratulations!Okay,well,to get better organized,one thing is...take courses in business management...and not just the sports management courses in the Physical Education department...other business and finance courses...Oh!But wait a minute.You said you’re starting next month?What sport will you be coaching?

MALE STUDENT:Gymnastics,mainly

FEMALE PROFESSOR:OK,In my career,I've learned,well...as part of building and maintaining strong relationships,and working on administrative skills,you’ve got to consider the other needs of your team,beyond the sport itself...

Remember the team members are athletes and students.Um...and remember that if you’re enthusiastic about what you're doing...well,enthusiasm is catching,right?You want team members to enjoy participating.

MALE STUDENT:Right,but what about setting rules for your team?And is it better to be strict or not so strict?

FEMALE PROFESSOR:Actually,I don't believe in having a lot of rules.And coaches often do have too many.I think that can get in the way of leadership and box you in.I think people sometimes set rules just to make things easier for themselves.That way,maybe later they just can refer to the rule and avoid making a choice.You know the kind of person I'm talking about,right?

But that's not to say the team shouldn't have any rules at all.Of course they need some.So,early in a season,or when you first take a new job,establish a few basic ground rules for what is acceptable and non-acceptable behavior.

FEMALE STUDENT:So what are some good ones?

FEMALE PROFESSOR:Well,a couple rules a coach should have are–insist...that players be on time...and insist they practice hard and give their best effort.And when you do establish a rule,stick to it.

二、things coaches should know托福聽(tīng)力中文翻譯：

旁白：聽(tīng)體育管理課的一部分講座。

女教授：所以…今天我想以一個(gè)話題結(jié)束，你們中的許多人都有疑問(wèn)，你們什么時(shí)候在我的辦公時(shí)間來(lái)看我。你們中的很多人都告訴我，你們對(duì)教練職業(yè)特別感興趣。

現(xiàn)在，你對(duì)什么運(yùn)動(dòng)感興趣并不重要……排球、籃球、游泳……所有新教練在規(guī)劃職業(yè)生涯時(shí)都需要考慮一些因素。

最近的一項(xiàng)研究——一項(xiàng)對(duì)高中主教練的調(diào)查——幫助確定了一些障礙……一些主教練在開(kāi)始職業(yè)生涯時(shí)認(rèn)為他們沒(méi)有做好準(zhǔn)備的事情。他們接受了調(diào)查，以確定如果他們重新開(kāi)始職業(yè)生涯，他們會(huì)做些什么不同的事情。根據(jù)他們的答復(fù)，出現(xiàn)了幾個(gè)主題。

回應(yīng)最多的是在人際關(guān)系方面——79%的教練表示，如果他們不得不重來(lái)一次，他們會(huì)在這方面采取不同的做法。他們說(shuō)，他們會(huì)以不同的方式處理助理教練、家長(zhǎng)、學(xué)生運(yùn)動(dòng)員、學(xué)校管理……并更加關(guān)注這些人際關(guān)系。

對(duì)這些教練來(lái)說(shuō)，第二個(gè)最關(guān)鍵的領(lǐng)域是組織和管理。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，這意味著更好地管理他們的預(yù)算和委派責(zé)任……確保即使是小事情也能得到處理，比如賽前膳食……諸如此類的事情。

男學(xué)生：打擾一下，教授。我知道良好的營(yíng)養(yǎng)很重要，但當(dāng)你考慮以教練為職業(yè)時(shí)，組織賽前膳食并不是你真正要考慮的事情。

女教授：不，我想不是，肯尼。但是…這更像是一個(gè)關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)的例子。正在組織。

我想強(qiáng)調(diào)的是，教練的職業(yè)不僅僅是輸贏。事實(shí)上，獲勝可能壓力太大了。在最好的情況下，我認(rèn)為教練——特別是在高中和大學(xué)——是通過(guò)游戲策略教授生活技能。當(dāng)然，教練需要專業(yè)的知識(shí)體系——如果你是網(wǎng)球教練，你需要知道網(wǎng)球規(guī)則……如果你是足球教練，你必須知道所有關(guān)于足球策略的知識(shí)——這些都是你在大學(xué)課堂上會(huì)學(xué)到的東西……但如果教練花太多時(shí)間在比賽策略上，嗯……你看，這可能是僅次于……你作為教練所需的知識(shí)和技能——尤其是，正如該調(diào)查所強(qiáng)調(diào)的，與人打交道的技能和管理技能…

男學(xué)生：但是你如何…你如何在這些方面提高？我是說(shuō)，從下個(gè)月開(kāi)始，我將成為一所高中的助理教練，而且。

女學(xué)生：真的嗎？干得好，肯尼！

女教授：是的。太好了！

男學(xué)生：謝謝。我很興奮。

女教授：那么……恭喜你！好吧，為了更好地組織起來(lái)，一件事是…學(xué)習(xí)商業(yè)管理課程…而不僅僅是體育系的體育管理課程…其他商業(yè)和金融課程…哦！但是等一下。你說(shuō)你下個(gè)月就要開(kāi)始了？你將指導(dǎo)哪項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)？

男學(xué)生：主要是體操

女教授：好的，在我的職業(yè)生涯中，我學(xué)到了……作為建立和維護(hù)牢固關(guān)系的一部分，以及管理技能的工作，你必須考慮你的團(tuán)隊(duì)的其他需求，而不僅僅是運(yùn)動(dòng)本身。。。

請(qǐng)記住，團(tuán)隊(duì)成員是運(yùn)動(dòng)員和學(xué)生。嗯……記住，如果你對(duì)自己所做的事充滿熱情……那么，熱情就是吸引人的，對(duì)吧？您希望團(tuán)隊(duì)成員享受參與。

男學(xué)生：是的，但是為你的團(tuán)隊(duì)制定規(guī)則怎么樣？嚴(yán)格還是不嚴(yán)格更好？

女教授：事實(shí)上，我不相信有很多規(guī)則。而教練們往往有太多的時(shí)間。我認(rèn)為這會(huì)妨礙你的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力，讓你陷入困境。我認(rèn)為人們有時(shí)制定規(guī)則只是為了讓自己更容易。那樣的話，也許以后他們可以參照規(guī)則，避免做出選擇。你知道我說(shuō)的那種人，對(duì)吧？

但這并不是說(shuō)球隊(duì)不應(yīng)該有任何規(guī)則。他們當(dāng)然需要一些。因此，在賽季初，或者當(dāng)你第一次接受新工作時(shí)，為哪些行為是可接受的，哪些行為是不可接受的建立一些基本規(guī)則。

女學(xué)生：那么什么是好的呢？

女教授：好吧，教練應(yīng)該有幾條規(guī)則——堅(jiān)持……球員要準(zhǔn)時(shí)……堅(jiān)持他們刻苦訓(xùn)練并盡最大努力。當(dāng)你建立了一個(gè)規(guī)則，堅(jiān)持它。

三、things coaches should know托福聽(tīng)力問(wèn)題：

Q1:1.What does the professor mainly discuss?

A.Different types of physical training that athletes might require

B.Strategies for getting a job as the head coach of a sports team

C.Aspects of a coach's job beyond knowledge about sports

D.Reasons why coaches should focus on winning games

Q2:2.Based on the survey discussed by the professor,what are the two main areas to which new coaches should give more attention?[Click on 2 answers.]

A.Increasing their knowledge of game strategies

B.Improving their organizational skills

C.Building and maintaining strong relationships

D.Stressing the importance of athletes'academic studies

Q3:3.Why does the professor mention pregame meals?

A.To emphasize the importance of good nutrient for athletes

B.To suggest a good time for coaches to talk about game strategy

C.To point out that coaches often spend too much time on scheduling

D.To give an example of the need for coaches to be more detail oriented

Q4:4.What is the professor's opinion about coaches who focus mainly on strategies for winning games?

A.They should study these game strategies outside the university.

B.They should concentrate on the sport they are most interested in.

C.They are neglecting other skills that may be more important.

D.They will probably become the most successful coaches.

Q5:5.What does the professor imply about coaches who establish a lot of rules for team members?

A.They have problems enforcing the rules.

B.They rely on rules to avoid having to make decisions.

C.They usually relax the rules as they become more familiar with their players.

D.They are not popular but they are efficient.

Q6:6.Why does the professor say this:?

A.To insist that the student needs to remember what he has just been told

B.To acknowledge that her suggestion is not very practical

C.To emphasize how impressed she is by the student’s achievement

D.To imply that the student is not yet ready to begin coaching

四、things coaches should know托福聽(tīng)力答案：

A1:正確答案：C

A2:正確答案：BC

A3:正確答案：D

A4:正確答案：C

A5:正確答案：B

A6:正確答案：B

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