Write a paper about hydroponic farming托福聽力原文翻譯及問題答案

Write a paper about hydroponic farming托福聽力原文翻譯及問題答案

一、Write a paper about hydroponic farming托福聽力原文：

NARRATOR:Listen to part of a conversation between a student and the professor of his history of technology class.MALE STUDENT:Would it be OK to focus on something related to agriculture?FEMALE PROFESSOR:Sure,farming technology is fine,as long as it's premodern.But this isn't a long paper,so you're gonna need to pick a specific area of premodern agriculture,like,um,irrigation...or food crops of ancient Greece...MALE STUDENT:I'm actually interested in hydroponics.FEMALE PROFESSOR:Hydroponics...growing plants in water instead of soil...MALE STUDENT:Well,not in pure water–in water that has the proper mix of nutrients.FEMALE PROFESSOR:O-OK,but...is it a premodern technology?I mean,hydroponics isn't really my specialty,but from the research I've read,we're talking the nineteenth century...maybe the seventeenth century,if you really stretch it.MALE STUDENT:Oh?But the Aztec civilization back in the thirteenth century in"basically where Mexico City is today".An article I read said the Aztecs were using hydroponics in something they called...I've got the word right here...um...Chinampas.

FEMALE PROFESSOR:Chinampas–the so-called floating gardens...MALE STUDENT:Exactly!So,yeah,the chinampas....The article said,very clearly,these floating gardens are proof that the Aztecs invented hydroponic farming.FEMALE PROFESSOR:Well,chinampas are artificial islands,built up in shallow lakes–islands made from packed earth and weeds,and,uh,material from the bottom of the lake.They may have appeared to be floating in the water,but in fact they reach all the way to the bottom of the lake.So the primary growing medium–that the plants draw nutrients from–is actually soil,not water.MALE STUDENT:So the article was wrong about that.Too bad.It seemed like a great topic,but I guess...FEMALE PROFESSOR:Wait a minute.Uh,just because chinampas were not technically hydroponic...doesn't mean this couldn't be an appropriate topic for your paper.Chinampas were still a great premodern technological achievement. I mean,they enabled the Aztecs to grow plenty of food...in an area without much available farmland.

MALE STUDENT:But I wonder why the author wrote that chinampas were hydroponic?FEMALE PROFESSOR:Well,it's pretty common for writers to generalize–say,use a term like"hydroponics"to describe other types of agriculture.Personally,I'd never say"hydroponic"except for plants growing in liquid.The crops on chinampas definitely benefitted from the water surrounding them,but hydroponic?

MALE STUDENT:OK,so I'll go with chinampas,but leave out the"hydroponics"part...

FEMALE PROFESSOR:Actually,there's an important lesson here:we should pay attention to what happened in history,but also how historical events are presented.Why,for example,would writers use a word like"hydroponics"so casually?MALE STUDENT:I guess'cuz it's a popular topic people wanna read about?FEMALE PROFESSOR:Or...to help modern-day readers understand something historical,maybe these writers think a familiar frame of reference is needed.MALE STUDENT:Well,that article was in a popular magazine,not a scholarly journal for historians.FEMALE PROFESSOR:OK,but historians sometimes do the same thing.MALE STUDENT:So I guess then that all historians might not describe chinampas in quite the same way either.FEMALE PROFESSOR:Good point.Why not look into that too?...and include it along with your description and analysis.

二、Write a paper about hydroponic farming托福聽力中文翻譯：

旁白：聽一段學(xué)生和他技術(shù)史課的教授之間的對話。男學(xué)生：專注于與農(nóng)業(yè)有關(guān)的事情可以嗎？女教授：當(dāng)然，農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)是好的，只要它是前現(xiàn)代的。但這不是一篇很長的論文，所以你需要選擇一個(gè)特定的前現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域，比如，灌溉……或者古希臘的糧食作物……男學(xué)生：我對水培很感興趣。女教授：水培……在水中而不是土壤中種植植物……男學(xué)生：嗯，不是在純水中——在含有適當(dāng)營養(yǎng)成分的水中。女教授：好吧，但是……這是一項(xiàng)前現(xiàn)代技術(shù)嗎？我的意思是，水培不是我真正的專長，但從我讀到的研究來看，我們談?wù)摰氖?9世紀(jì)……也許是17世紀(jì)，如果你真的擴(kuò)展它的話。男學(xué)生：哦？但阿茲特克文明可以追溯到13世紀(jì)，“基本上就是今天的墨西哥城”。我讀到的一篇文章說阿茲特克人正在使用水培，他們稱之為……我這里有個(gè)詞……嗯……中國海洋公園。

女教授：中國公園——所謂的浮動花園……男學(xué)生：沒錯(cuò)！所以，是的，中國海洋公園……文章非常清楚地說，這些漂浮的花園證明了阿茲特克人發(fā)明了水耕農(nóng)業(yè)。女教授：嗯，中國海洋保護(hù)區(qū)是人工島嶼，建在淺水湖泊中——島嶼是由填充的泥土和雜草，以及，呃，湖底的材料制成的。它們看起來似乎漂浮在水中，但實(shí)際上它們一直延伸到湖底。因此，植物吸收養(yǎng)分的主要生長介質(zhì)實(shí)際上是土壤，而不是水。男學(xué)生：所以這篇文章是錯(cuò)誤的。太糟糕了。這似乎是一個(gè)很好的話題，但我想……女教授：等等。呃，僅僅因?yàn)橹袊Ｑ蠊珗@在技術(shù)上不是水培的…并不意味著這不能成為你論文的合適主題。中國海洋公園仍然是一項(xiàng)偉大的前現(xiàn)代技術(shù)成就&nbsp；我的意思是，他們讓阿茲特克人在一個(gè)沒有多少可用農(nóng)田的地區(qū)種植了大量的糧食。

男學(xué)生：但我想知道為什么作者寫道中國海洋公園是水培的？女教授：嗯，對于作家來說，概括是很常見的——比如說，用“水培”這樣的術(shù)語來描述其他類型的農(nóng)業(yè)。就我個(gè)人而言，除了在液體中生長的植物，我從來不會說“水培”。chinampas上的作物肯定受益于周圍的水，但水培？

男學(xué)生：好吧，那么我就和中國農(nóng)耕協(xié)會一起去，但不包括“水培”部分。。。

女教授：事實(shí)上，這里有一個(gè)重要的教訓(xùn)：我們應(yīng)該關(guān)注歷史上發(fā)生的事情，但也要關(guān)注歷史事件的呈現(xiàn)方式。例如，為什么作家會如此隨意地使用“水培”一詞？男學(xué)生：我想是因?yàn)檫@是一個(gè)大家都想讀的熱門話題吧？女教授：或者……為了幫助現(xiàn)代讀者理解歷史，也許這些作家認(rèn)為需要一個(gè)熟悉的參照系。男學(xué)生：嗯，那篇文章是在一本流行雜志上發(fā)表的，不是歷史學(xué)家的學(xué)術(shù)期刊。女教授：好吧，但歷史學(xué)家有時(shí)也會這么做。男學(xué)生：那么我想所有的歷史學(xué)家可能也不會用完全相同的方式來描述中國海洋公園。女教授：很好。為什么不也調(diào)查一下呢。。。并將其與您的描述和分析一起包括在內(nèi)。

三、Write a paper about hydroponic farming托福聽力問題：

Q1:1.Why has the student come to see the professor?

A.To find out her reaction to a paper he recently submitted

B.To point out a factual error in an article the class was assigned to read

C.To ask about the suitability of a topic he wants to write about

D.To ask about the difference between chinampas and hydroponics

Q2:2.What does the professor imply about hydroponics?

A.It was probably invented by the Aztecs.

B.It is a relatively modern development in agriculture.

C.It requires soil that is rich in nutrients.

D.It is most successful when extremely pure water is use.

Q3:3.Why does the professor describe how chinampas were made?

A.To emphasize that the topic selected for a paper needs to be more specific

B.To encourage the student to do more research

C.To point out how much labor was required to build chinampas

D.To explain why crops grown on chinampas should not be considered hydroponi

Q4:4.What does the professor think about the article the students mentions?

A.She is convinced that it is not completely accurate.

B.She believes it was written for readers with scientific backgrounds.

C.She thinks it is probably too short to be useful to the student.

D.She has no opinion about it,because she has not read it.

Q5:5.What additional information does the professor suggest that the student include in his paper?

A.A comparison of traditional and modern farming technologies

B.Charges in the designs of chinampas over time

C.Differences in how various historians have described chinampas

D.Reasons why chinampas are often overlooked in history books

四、Write a paper about hydroponic farming托福聽力答案：

A1:正確答案：C

A2:正確答案：B

A3:正確答案：D

A4:正確答案：A

A5:正確答案：C

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