Wildlife in City Gardens劍橋雅思9聽力-原文翻譯及答案解析

一、Wildlife in City Gardens 聽力原文：

Good morning.

Today I'd like to present the findings of our Year 2 project on wildlife found in gardens throughout our city.

I'll start by saying something about the background to the project, then talk a little bit about our research techniques, and then indicate some of our interim findings.

First of all, how did we choose our topic?

Well, there are four of us in the group and one day while we were discussing a possible focus,  two of the group mentioned that they had seen yet more sparrow hawks - one of Britain's most interesting birds of prey - in their own city centre gardens and wondered why they were turning up in these gardens in great numbers.

We were all very engaged by the idea of why wild animals would choose to inhabit a city garden.

Why is it so popular with wildlife when the countryside itself is becoming less so?

The first thing we did was to establish what proportion of the urban land is taken up by private gardens.

We estimated that it was about one fifth, and  this was endorsed by looking at large-scale usage, maps in the town land survey office - 24% to be precise.

Our own informal discussions with neighbours and friends led us to believe that many garden owners had interesting experiences to relate regarding wild animal sightings so we decided to  survey garden owners from different areas of the city.

Just over 100 of them completed a survey once every two weeks for twelve months - ticking off species they had seen from a pro forma list - and adding the names of any rarer ones.

Meanwhile, we were doing our own observations in selected gardens throughout the city.

We deliberately chose smaller ones because they were by far the most typical in the city.

The whole point of the project was to look at the norm not the exception.

Alongside this primary research on urban gardens,  we were studying a lot of books about the decline of wild animals in the countryside and thinking of possible causes for this.

So what did we find?

Well, so much that I just won't have time to tell you about here.

If you're interested in reading our more comprehensive findings, we've produced detailed graphic representations on the college web-site and of course any of the group would be happy to talk to you about them.

Just email us.

What we've decided to present today is information about just three species - because we felt these gave a good indication of the processes at work in rural and urban settings as a whole.

The first species to generate a lot of interesting information was frogs.

And there was a clear pattern here - they proliferate where there is suitable water.

Garden ponds are on the increase, rural ponds are disappearing, leading to massive migration to the towns.

Hedgehogs are also finding it easier to live in urban areas - this time because  their predators are not finding it quite so attractive to leave their rural environment , so hedgehogs have a belter survival rate in cities.

We had lots of sightings, so all in all  we had no difficulties with our efforts to count their numbers precisely.

Our final species is the finest of bird singers, the song thrush.

On the decline in the countryside, they are experiencing a resurgence in urban gardens because these days, gardeners are buying lots of different plants which means  there's an extensive range of seeds around, which is what they feed on.

Another factor is the provision of nesting places — which is actually better in gardens than the countryside.

Hard to believe it, but it's true.

Incidentally, we discovered that a massive new survey on song thrushes is about to be launched, so you should keep an eye open for that.

Now, I’d be happy to answer any questions you may have…

二、Wildlife in City Gardens 聽力中文翻譯：

早上好

今天，我想介紹我們的第二年項目的研究結(jié)果，該項目研究的是我們城市花園中的野生動物。

首先，我將介紹一下該項目的背景，然后談?wù)勎覀兊难芯考夹g(shù)，然后指出我們的一些中期發(fā)現(xiàn)。

首先，我們是如何選擇主題的？

嗯，我們有四個人在小組中，有一天，當(dāng)我們討論可能的焦點時，小組中的兩個人提到，他們在自己的市中心花園里看到了更多的麻雀鷹——英國最有趣的猛禽之一，并想知道為什么它們會大量出現(xiàn)在這些花園里。

我們都非常關(guān)心為什么野生動物會選擇居住在城市花園里。

為什么它在野生動物中如此受歡迎，而鄉(xiāng)村本身卻越來越不受歡迎？

我們做的第一件事是確定私人花園占用城市土地的比例。

我們估計這大約是五分之一，這是通過查看城鎮(zhèn)土地調(diào)查辦公室的大規(guī)模使用情況和地圖得出的，準確地說是百分之二十四。

我們與鄰居和朋友的非正式討論讓我們相信，許多園主在野生動物目擊方面有著有趣的經(jīng)歷，因此我們決定調(diào)查城市不同地區(qū)的園主。

其中只有100多人在12個月內(nèi)每兩周完成一次調(diào)查，在形式清單上勾選他們見過的物種，并添加任何稀有物種的名稱。

與此同時，我們在全市選定的花園中進行了自己的觀察。

我們特意選擇了較小的，因為它們是城市中最典型的。

該項目的全部目的是關(guān)注規(guī)范，而不是例外。

除了對城市園林進行初步研究外，我們還研究了許多關(guān)于農(nóng)村野生動物數(shù)量減少的書籍，并思考了可能的原因。

那么我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么？

嗯，太多了，我沒有時間告訴你這里的情況。

如果您有興趣閱讀我們更全面的研究結(jié)果，我們已經(jīng)在學(xué)院網(wǎng)站上制作了詳細的圖形表示，當(dāng)然小組中的任何人都會很樂意與您討論這些內(nèi)容。

只需給我們發(fā)電子郵件。

我們今天決定介紹的是關(guān)于三個物種的信息，因為我們認為這些信息很好地說明了農(nóng)村和城市環(huán)境中的整體工作過程。

第一個產(chǎn)生大量有趣信息的物種是青蛙。

這里有一個明確的模式——它們在有合適水的地方繁殖。

花園池塘在增加，鄉(xiāng)村池塘正在消失，導(dǎo)致大量移民到城鎮(zhèn)。

刺猬也發(fā)現(xiàn)在城市生活更容易——這一次是因為它們的捕食者發(fā)現(xiàn)離開農(nóng)村環(huán)境并沒有那么吸引人，所以刺猬在城市的存活率更高。

我們有很多目擊事件，所以總的來說，我們在努力精確計算他們的數(shù)量方面沒有任何困難。

我們的最后一個物種是最好的鳥歌手，歌鶇。

隨著農(nóng)村人口的減少，他們正在城市花園中重新興起，因為現(xiàn)在，園丁們正在購買大量不同的植物，這意味著周圍有各種各樣的種子，這就是他們的食物。

另一個因素是提供筑巢的地方——實際上，在花園里比在鄉(xiāng)村更好。

很難相信，但這是真的。

順便提一下，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)一項關(guān)于畫眉的大規(guī)模新調(diào)查即將啟動，所以你應(yīng)該對此保持警惕。

現(xiàn)在，我很樂意回答您的任何問題。

三、Wildlife in City Gardens 聽力問題：

Question 31-36

Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

31.What led the group to choose their topic?

A. They were concerned about the decline of one species.

B. They were interested in the effects of city growth.

C. They wanted to investigate a recent phenomenon.

32.The exact proportion of land devoted to private gardens was confirmed by

A. consulting some official documents.

B. taking large-scale photos.

C. discussions with town surveyors.

33.The group asked garden owners to

A. take part in formal interviews.

B. keep a record of animals they saw.

C. get in contact when they saw a rare species.

34.The group made their observations in gardens

A. which had a large number of animal species.

B. which they considered to be representative.

C. which had stable populations of rare animals.

35.The group did extensive reading on

A. wildlife problems in rural areas.

B. urban animal populations

C. current gardening practices.

36.The speaker focuses on three animal species because

A. a lot of data has been obtained about them.

B. the group were most interested in them.

C. they best indicated general trends.

Question 37-40

Complete the table below.

Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.

Animals

Reason for population increase in gardens

Comments

suitable stretches of water

massive increase in urban population

Hedgehogs

safer from  when in cities

easy to  them accurately

Song thrushes

- a variety of  to eat

- more nesting places available

large survey starting soon

四、Wildlife in City Gardens 聽力答案：

31.C

32.A

33.B

34.B

35.A

36.C

37.frog / frogs

38.predators

39.count

40.seed / seeds

五、Wildlife in City Gardens 聽力答案解析

31. C　錄音中在介紹完背景信息后，由一句 First of all, how did we choose our topic? 可以預(yù)測答案即將出現(xiàn)。三個選項的核心表達分別是 decline of one species，effects of city growth 和 a recent phenomenon，但它們均未在錄音原文中出現(xiàn)。由 ...they had seen yet more sparrowhawks...in their own city centre gardens and wondered why they were turning up in these gardens in great numbers. 可知，錄音講的是越來越多的雀鷹出現(xiàn)在市中心的花園中，并且是大量地出現(xiàn)，所以談的是雀鷹增多這一現(xiàn)象，而非某物種數(shù)量的下降或者城市擴張的影響，答案應(yīng)選 C。

32. A　該題三個選項完全獨立，考生先通過 ...what proportion of the urban land... 定位題干的出現(xiàn)。然后錄音中說到 ...this was endorsed by looking at large-scale usage maps in the town land survey office...，可知確定宅園的準確占地面積要參照來自城鎮(zhèn)土地調(diào)查辦公室的大規(guī)模使用圖，即 A（參考一些官方文件），而非 B（大規(guī)模拍照）或 C（與城鎮(zhèn)測量員討論）。該題的難點在于錄音涉及了三個選項中的核心單詞，容易迷惑考生。

33. B　考生先通過 ...so we decided to survey garden owners from different areas... 來定位本題答案即將出現(xiàn)。接下來的 ...over 100 of them completed a survey once every two weeks for twelve months — ticking off species they had seen from a pro forma list... 正與 B（記錄所見的動物）的意思一致，其中 tick off 意為“列舉，簡要地描述”。

34. B　在 33 題答案之后，錄音中很快出現(xiàn) ...we were doing our own observations in selected gardens...，其中的 observations 正好與本題題干中的定位詞一致。之后錄音中說到 We deliberately chose smaller ones because they were by far the most typical in the city.，其中的 typical 與 B 選項中的 representative 是同義替換，都表示“具有代表性的，典型的”之意，所以正確答案為 B。

35. A　該題難度稍大，因為他并未像之前的題目一樣在錄音中就可以找到題干中的定位詞。但錄音中的 ...we were studying a lot of books... 即“研讀大量書籍”，與題干“廣泛閱讀”的信息對等，則考生據(jù)此可以定位到答案所在句，緊接著錄音讀到 ...about the decline of wild animals in the countryside...，即為 A。其中 wildlife 與 wild animals 意思對等，rural areas 與 countryside 意思對等。

36. C　該題的定位很明顯，因為題干中有 three animal species，所以當(dāng)錄音讀到 What we’ve decided to present today is information about just three species because... 時，考生可迅速聯(lián)想到題干，并且錄音中的 because 也提示考生接下來就是答案。只要考生聽到 ...because...could be good indication of...，就可以判斷出它指的就是 C 中的 indicated。

37. frog / frogs　本題難度較小，因為錄音開始就談到 The first species that generated a lot of interesting information was frogs.，只要考生聽到 The first species...was frogs. 就能很輕松地找到“青蛙”這個答案。

38. predators　該題的定位詞為 hedgehogs 和 safer from。當(dāng)錄音中提到 Hedgehogs are also finding it easier to live... 時，考生應(yīng)意識到答案應(yīng)該就在接下來的句子里。接下來一句 ...this time because their predators are not finding it quite so attractive to leave their rural environment... 意思是“這次因為它們的天敵（捕食者）并不愿意離開它們生存的農(nóng)村環(huán)境，所以刺猬就免于受到天敵的攻擊，而更易于在城市中生存。其中 safe from 意為“免于受到……的危害”。

39. count　在 38 題答案之后緊接著出現(xiàn)了 ...so all in all, we had no difficulties with our efforts to count their numbers precisely.，本句中的 no difficulties 與題干中的 easy 同義，precisely 與題干中的 accurately 同義。此外，考生只要抓住 to 后面的動詞，也可以找到答案的位置。

40. seed / seeds　該題相對前面的題目難度較低。該題的定位詞是 song thrushes 和 a variety of，所以考生要盡量去聽表示“多樣性”和“大量”的錄音內(nèi)容。根據(jù)錄音中的 ...which means there is an extensive range of seeds around... 可知答案為 seed / seeds。

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