Electric Guitar托福聽力原文翻譯及問題答案

Electric Guitar托福聽力原文翻譯及問題答案

一、Electric Guitar托福聽力原文：

NARRATOR:Listen to part of a lecture in a music history class.The professor has been discussing music of the twentieth century.MALE PROFESSOR:And what instrument comes to mind when you think of rock and roll?FEMALE STUDENT:The electric Guitar?MALE PROFESSOR:Exactly.I think it's fair to say that the sound of the electric guitar typifies the rock and roll genre,which became popular in the 1950s.But really the instrument we know today was the result of a continuing development that started for our practical purposes in the 1920s.

But long before that even,people were experimenting with ways to modify traditional acoustic guitars.The first guitars were wooden.This is the Spanish guitar and the strings were made from animal products.Then came steel strings.And that led to the lap guitar,which is also called the steel guitar because the player slides a steel rod up and down the neck.And those are all acoustic guitars.OK?

But then,eventually,we have electric guitars.Over the years,many inventors and musicians contributed to the design of these instruments.And each design was intended to alter the sound in some way,at first at least with the electric guitar,to make it louder.Eh,So let's get back to when the steel guitar was first introduced in the United States.It was right after the Spanish-American war in the late 1890s.US sailors who were stationed in Hawaii then a US territory,were very enamored with the music they heard there.Uh,Hawaiian music was based on the steel guitar I just described.

Some sailors learned how to play the steel guitar and brought it home to the States.Before long,Hawaiian steel guitar music was all the rage in the mainland US.It actually had a strong influence on the development of several musical genres—rock and roll,most notably,but also jazz and blues.Anyway...by the 1920s,with the advent of the public dance movement,people were gathering in large groups to listen to steel guitar music.But they had trouble hearing it,especially in large public settings.

As I mentioned,the instrument was played horizontally,on the lap.Since the strings faced upward,the sound was projected toward the ceiling rather than outward toward the audience.Something had to be done,because the music venues and the audience kept getting larger and larger.So what would you do?FEMALE STUDENT:Find a way to amplify the sound?MALE PROFESSOR:Yes.And to do that,inventors started attaching electronic devices,electrical coils to the acoustic guitars.And the electronics worked!But attaching electronics didn't just affect how loudly you could play.It also changed the quality of the sound.

These early electric guitars were hollow and these early amplifiers caused vibrations in the bodies of the instruments.So as the sound got louder,it became more distorted,fuzzy-sounding.And what musicians at the time wanted was a pure,clean sound.FEMALE STUDENT:So where does Les Paul fit in?Wasn't he the first to electrify acoustic guitars?MALE PROFESSOR:Uh,no.Electrified guitars already existed by the time Les Paul came into the picture around 1940.What Paul did was experiment with ways of removing the distortions and he succeeded.He designed a guitar with a solid body that relied solely on electronics.Paul's solid body eliminated the vibrations,and thus the distortions.FEMALE STUDENT:Excuse me.But when I think of electric guitar music,I think of Jimi Hendrix.MALE PROFESSOR:Jimi Hendrix,one of my favorites!FEMALE STUDENT:But Hendrix's style really was all about distortion,that's what's so great about his music,all those special effects.I think a lot of rock-and-roll fans prefer that to a pure sound.MALE PROFESSOR:Yeah.You are getting ahead of me here.But good,because the point I was going to make is that the sound of rock-and-roll changed over the years.And the designs and technology of electric guitars made those changes possible.So whereas Les Paul's goal was to remove the distortion,later musicians wanted to produce it.And by the time Jimi Hendrix came around.Well,essentially,Hendrix reinvented the electric guitar,in the sense that he created amazing effects and vibrations that changed the sound of rock and roll completely.So eventually,people tried to improve on Les Paul model, well,to modify it,I should say.

二、Electric Guitar托福聽力中文翻譯：

旁白：聽音樂歷史課的一部分講座。教授一直在討論二十世紀的音樂。男教授：當你想到搖滾樂時，你會想到什么樂器？女學生：電吉他？男教授：沒錯。我認為可以公平地說，電吉他的聲音是搖滾樂流派的典型，這在20世紀50年代開始流行。但事實上，我們今天所知道的工具是20世紀20年代為我們的實際目的而開始的持續(xù)發(fā)展的結(jié)果。

但早在那之前，人們就開始嘗試改變傳統(tǒng)的原聲吉他。最初的吉他是木制的。這是西班牙吉他，琴弦是用動物制品制成的。然后是鋼弦。這導致了膝上吉他，也被稱為鋼吉他，因為演奏者在琴頸上下滑動一根鋼棒。這些都是原聲吉他。好啊

但最終，我們有了電吉他。多年來，許多發(fā)明家和音樂家為這些樂器的設(shè)計做出了貢獻。每一種設(shè)計都是為了在某種程度上改變聲音，至少是在電吉他上，使聲音更響亮。呃，讓我們回到鋼吉他最初在美國的時候。它發(fā)生在19世紀90年代末的美西戰(zhàn)爭之后。當時駐扎在夏威夷的美國水手對那里聽到的音樂非常著迷。夏威夷音樂是基于我剛才描述的鋼吉他。

一些水手學會了如何彈鋼吉他，并把它帶回了美國。不久，夏威夷鋼吉他音樂在美國大陸風行一時。事實上，它對一些音樂類型的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響——搖滾樂，尤其是爵士樂和藍調(diào)。無論如何，到了20世紀20年代，隨著公共舞蹈運動的出現(xiàn)，人們聚集在一起聽鋼吉他音樂。但他們很難聽到，尤其是在大型公共場合。

正如我提到的，樂器是水平演奏的，在膝蓋上。由于琴弦朝上，聲音被投射到天花板上，而不是向外朝向觀眾。必須采取一些措施，因為音樂場地和觀眾越來越多。那你會怎么做？女學生：想辦法放大聲音嗎？男教授：是的。為了做到這一點，發(fā)明人開始將電子設(shè)備、電線圈連接到聲學吉他上。電子設(shè)備工作了！但是連接電子設(shè)備并不僅僅影響你播放的聲音。它也改變了聲音的質(zhì)量。

這些早期的電吉他是空心的，這些早期的擴音器在樂器的主體中引起振動。因此，隨著聲音越來越大，聲音變得越來越扭曲、模糊。當時的音樂家想要的是純凈、干凈的聲音。女學生：那么Les Paul在哪里？他不是第一個給原聲吉他通電的人嗎？男教授：呃，不。當Les Paul在1940年左右出現(xiàn)時，電吉他已經(jīng)存在。保羅所做的是嘗試消除扭曲的方法，他成功了。他設(shè)計了一種完全依靠電子技術(shù)的實心吉他。保羅的實體消除了振動，從而消除了扭曲。女學生：對不起，但當我想到電吉他音樂時，我會想到吉米·亨德里克斯。男教授：吉米·亨德里克斯，我最喜歡的人之一！女學生：但亨德里克斯的風格真的是扭曲的，這就是他音樂的偉大之處，所有這些特效。我認為很多搖滾樂迷更喜歡那種純粹的聲音。男教授：是的。你在這里比我快。但很好，因為我要說的是，搖滾樂的聲音在這些年里發(fā)生了變化。電吉他的設(shè)計和技術(shù)使這些變化成為可能。因此，盡管Les Paul的目標是消除失真，但后來的音樂家想要制作它。當吉米·亨德里克斯出現(xiàn)的時候?；旧希嗟吕锟怂怪匦掳l(fā)明了電吉他，他創(chuàng)造了驚人的效果和振動，徹底改變了搖滾樂的聲音。因此，最終，人們試圖改進Les Paul模型；好吧，要修改它，我應(yīng)該說。

三、Electric Guitar托福聽力問題：

Q1:1.What does the professor mainly discuss?

A.Musical genres that feature the electric guitar

B.Technological advances that made electric guitar possible

C.The popularity of rock-roll music

D.The evolution of the electric guitar

Q2:2.What does the professor say about the sailors who were stationed in Hawaii after the Spanish-American War?

A.They helped popularize steel guitar music among the people of Hawaii.

B.They were among the first to play the steel guitar in musical groups.

C.They introduced the steel guitar to the mainland United States.

D.They altered the second of the steel guitar by redesigning its slide.

Q3:3.Why does the professor mention that the steel guitar was played horizontally?

A.To show how it influenced musical styles such as jazz and blues

B.To explain one way of distorting the sound of a guitar

C.To emphasize the versatility of acoustic guitars

D.To explain the need to amplify the sound of acoustic guitars

Q4:4.What distinguished Les Paul's guitar from electric guitars that preceded it?

A.It had a solid body.

B.It was played with a sliding steel rod.

C.It relied on distortion to create special effects.

D.It projected sound toward the audience rather than the ceiling.

Q5:5.What can be inferred about the woman who mentioned Jimi Hendrix?

A.She previously did not understand the significance of Les Paul's contribution to the development of electric guitar.

B.She enjoys listening to music played on an electric guitar more than the professor does.

C.She prefers listening to electric guitar music that is played with no distortion or special effects.

D.She is convinced that Hendrix's style was influenced by Les Paul's guitar design.

Q6:6.What does the professor mean when he states that Jimi Hendrix's"reinvented the electric guitar"?

A.Hendrix simplified the guitar design to make it easier to play.

B.Hendrix discovered and corrected defects in previous guitar designs.

C.Hendrix redesigned the guitar to make it louder.

D.Hendrix manipulated the guitar to create a distinctive sound.

四、Electric Guitar托福聽力答案：

A1:正確答案：D

A2:正確答案：C

A3:正確答案：D

A4:正確答案：A

A5:正確答案：A

A6:正確答案：D

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