劍10test3雅思聽(tīng)力Section4原文解析

劍10test3雅思聽(tīng)力Section4原文解析

●談話場(chǎng)景：專題講座場(chǎng)景

●人物關(guān)系：教授

●談話話題：“自動(dòng)調(diào)焦理論”與領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力

交際與語(yǔ)言衰達(dá)

1.本段是關(guān)于“自動(dòng)調(diào)焦理論”與領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力的講座。Self-regulatory focus theory is a theory developed by Tori Higgins.(“自動(dòng)調(diào)焦理論”是由托麗·希金斯提出的)。

2.He says that a person's focus at any given time is to either approach pleasure or avoid pain.(他說(shuō)，在任何特定的時(shí)間，一個(gè)人的焦點(diǎn)不是為了爭(zhēng)取快樂(lè)就是為了避免痛苦。)其中“either…or”意為“或者……或者……;不是……就是……”，表示兩者之一，連接句子中兩個(gè)并列的成分。

3.Prevention goals are oriented towards the avoidance of punishment.(預(yù)防性目標(biāo)以避免懲罰為方向。)其中“be oriented towards”意為“以……為方向，重視”。

4.特定的場(chǎng)合，思想的重心可能是提升性目標(biāo)也可能是預(yù)防性目標(biāo)，原文為“In a specific situation, our thoughts might focus more on promotion goals or more on preventions goals.”其中“focus on”意為“集中于”。

5.In contrast, if we are working on an important project for our boss, we are more likely to try to avoid making mistakes and therefore have more prevention goals in our mind。(相比之下，如果我們?cè)跒槔习遄鲆粋€(gè)很重要的項(xiàng)目，我們更傾向于避免產(chǎn)生錯(cuò)誤，腦海中就有更多預(yù)防性的目標(biāo)。)其中“avoid doing sth.”意為“避免做某事”。

6.Now that I have talked about the two focuses and how they affect people…(既然講了兩個(gè)焦點(diǎn)以及它們是如何對(duì)人們產(chǎn)生影響的……)，其中“now that=since”意為“既然，由于”，在句子中做連詞。

7.All of these things can encourage followers to think about what could be.(所有的這些都鼓勵(lì)追隨者思索事情會(huì)是怎么樣的。)其中“encourage sb. to do sth.”意為“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”。

8.This emphasis will dearly lead followers to focus on avoiding punishment and problems.(這種強(qiáng)調(diào)會(huì)明顯地引導(dǎo)追隨者關(guān)注迸免懲罰和問(wèn)題。)其中“l(fā)ead sb. to do sth.”意為“引導(dǎo)、帶領(lǐng)某人做某事?！?/p>

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