Australian Aboringinal Rock Paint劍橋雅思8-聽力原文翻譯及答案解析

一、Australian Aboringinal Rock Paint聽力原文：

Good morning,everyone.

I've been invited to talk about my research project into Australian Aboriginal rock paintings.

The Australian Aborigines have recorded both real and symbolic images of their time on rock walls for many thousands of years.

Throughout the long history of this tradition,new images have appeared and new painting styles have developed.

And these characteristics can be used to categorise the different artistic styles.

Among these are what we call the Dynamic,Yam and Modern styles of painting.

One of the most significant characteristics of the different styles is the way that humans are depicted in the paintings.

The more recent paintings show people in static poses.

But the first human images to dominate rock art paintings,over ears ago,were full of movement.

These paintings showed people hunting and g food and so they were given the name‘Dynamic’to reflect this energy.

It's quite amazing considering they were painted in such a simple stick-like form.

In the Yam period,there was a movement away from stick figures to a more naturalistic shape.

However,they didn't go as far as the Modern style,which is known as'x-ray'because it actually makes a feature of the internal skeleton as well as the organs of animals and humans.

The Yam style of painting got its name from the fact that it featured much curvier figures that actually resemble the vegetable called a yam,which is similar to a sweet potato.

The Modern paintings are interesting because they include paintings at the time of the first contact with European settlers.

Aborigines managed to convey the idea of the settlers’clothing by simply painting the Europeans without any hands,indicating the habit of standing with their hands in their pockets!

Size is another characteristic.

The more recent images tend to be life size or even larger,but the Dynamic figures are painted in miniature.

Aboriginal rock art also records the environmental changes that occurred over thousands of years.

For example,we know from the Dynamic paintings that over 8,000 years ago,Aborigines would have rarely eaten fish and sea levels were much lower at this time.

In fact,fish didn’t start to appear in paintings until the Yam period along with shells and other marine images.

The paintings of the Yam tradition also suggest that,during this time,the Aborigines moved away from animals as their main food source and began including vegetables in their diet,as these feature prominently.

Freshwater creatures didn't appear in the paintings until the Modern period from 4,000 years ago.

So,these paintings have already taught us a lot.

But one image that has always intrigued us is known as the'Rainbow Serpent'.

The Rainbow Serpent,which is the focus of my most recent project,gets its name from its snake or serpent-like body and it first appeared in the Yam period 4 to 6,000 years ago.

Many believe it is a curious mixture of kangaroo,snake and crocodile.

But we decided to study the Rainbow Serpent paintings to see if we could locate the animal that the very first painters based their image on.

The Yam period coincided with the end of the last ice age.

This brought about tremendous change in the environment,with the sea levels rising and creeping steadily inland.

This flooded many familiar land features and also caused a great deal of disruption to traditional of life,hunting in particular.

New shores were formed and totally different creatures would have washed up onto the shores.

We studied 107 paintings of the Rainbow Serpent and found that the one creature that matches it most closely was the Ribboned Pipefish,which is a type of sea horse.

This sea creature would have been a totally unfamiliar sight in the inland regions where the image is found and may have been the inspiration behind the early paintings.

So,at the end of the ice age there would have been enormous changes in animal and plant life.

It's not surprising then,that the Aborigines linked this abundance to the new creatures they witnessed.

Even today,Aborigines see the Rainbow Serpent symbol of creation,which is understandable given the increase in vegetation and the life forms that featured when the image first appeared.

二、Australian Aboringinal Rock Paint聽力中文翻譯：

大家早上好。

我應邀談談我對澳大利亞土著巖畫的研究項目。

數(shù)千年來，澳大利亞土著人在巖壁上記錄了他們時代的真實和象征性圖像。

在這一傳統(tǒng)的漫長歷史中，出現(xiàn)了新的圖像，發(fā)展了新的繪畫風格。

這些特征可以用來對不同的藝術風格進行分類。

其中包括我們所說的動態(tài)、陰郁和現(xiàn)代風格的繪畫。

不同風格最顯著的特征之一是畫中人物的描繪方式。

最近的畫作展示了靜態(tài)姿勢的人。

但是，幾年前，第一批主宰巖畫的人類圖像充滿了動感。

這些畫展示了人們狩獵和尋找食物，因此它們被命名為“動態(tài)”，以反映這種能量。

考慮到它們是以如此簡單的棒狀形式繪制的，這真是太神奇了。

在山藥時期，有一種從木棍人物轉(zhuǎn)向更自然的形狀的運動。

然而，他們并沒有走到現(xiàn)代風格的盡頭，現(xiàn)代風格被稱為“x射線”，因為它實際上是動物和人類的內(nèi)部骨骼以及器官的特征。

山藥風格的繪畫之所以得名，是因為它的人物曲線更為彎曲，實際上很像一種名為山藥的蔬菜，類似于紅薯。

現(xiàn)代繪畫很有趣，因為它們包括了第一次與歐洲殖民者接觸時的繪畫。

土著人通過簡單地在歐洲人身上畫沒有手的圖案來傳達定居者的服裝理念，這表明他們習慣于雙手插在口袋里站著！

尺寸是另一個特征。

最近的圖像往往是真人大小，甚至更大，但動態(tài)的人物畫的是微型的。

土著巖畫還記錄了數(shù)千年來發(fā)生的環(huán)境變化。

例如，我們從動態(tài)繪畫中了解到，8000多年前，土著人很少吃魚，此時的海平面要低得多。

事實上，直到亞姆時期，魚才開始與貝殼和其他海洋圖像一起出現(xiàn)在繪畫中。

山藥傳統(tǒng)的繪畫也表明，在此期間，土著居民不再以動物為主要食物來源，開始在飲食中加入蔬菜，因為蔬菜是他們的主要特色。

淡水生物直到4000年前的現(xiàn)代時期才出現(xiàn)在畫作中。

所以，這些畫已經(jīng)教會了我們很多。

但有一張圖片一直吸引著我們，那就是“彩虹蛇”。

彩虹蛇是我最近一個項目的重點，它的名字來源于它的蛇或類似蛇的身體，它最早出現(xiàn)在4到6000年前的山藥時期。

許多人認為它是袋鼠、蛇和鱷魚的奇怪混合物。

但我們決定研究彩虹蛇的繪畫，看看我們是否能找到第一批畫家所畫的動物。

亞姆期與最后一個冰河期的結(jié)束相吻合。

這給環(huán)境帶來了巨大的變化，海平面上升并穩(wěn)步向內(nèi)陸移動。

這淹沒了許多熟悉的土地特征，也對傳統(tǒng)生活造成了很大的破壞，尤其是狩獵。

新的海岸形成了，完全不同的生物會被沖上海岸。

我們研究了107幅彩虹蛇的畫作，發(fā)現(xiàn)最接近彩虹蛇的生物是條紋海龍，這是一種海馬。

在發(fā)現(xiàn)這幅圖像的內(nèi)陸地區(qū)，這種海洋生物可能是一種完全陌生的景象，可能是早期繪畫背后的靈感來源。

因此，在冰河世紀末，動物和植物的生活將會發(fā)生巨大的變化。

因此，毫不奇怪，土著人將這種豐富性與他們目睹的新生物聯(lián)系起來。

即使在今天，土著人仍然看到彩虹蛇是造物的象征，這是可以理解的，因為當這張圖像首次出現(xiàn)時，植被和生命形式都在增加。

三、Australian Aboringinal Rock Paint聽力問題：

Question 31-36

Write the correct letter,A,BorC,next to questions 31-36.Features

31 figures revealing bones 31

32 rounded figures 32

33 figures with parts missing 33

34 figures smaller than life size 34

35 sea creatures 35

36 plants 36

Painting Styles

A.Dynamic

B.Yam

C.Modern

Question 37-40

Complete the notes below.

Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.

Rainbow Serpent Project

Aim of project:to identify the used as the basis for the Rainbow Serpent

Yam Period

?environmental changes led to higher

?traditional activities were affected,especially

Rainbow Serpent image

?similar to a sea horse

?unusual because it appeared in inland areas

?symbolises in Aboriginal culture

四、Australian Aboringinal Rock Paint聽力答案：

31.C

32.B

33.C

34.A

35.B

36.B

37.animal/creature

38.sea level/water level/sea levels/water levels

39.hunting

40.creation

五、Australian Aboringinal Rock Paint聽力答案解析

31.C此題相對較難，因為題干中的單詞都不是專有名詞，很難定位。在聽到Modern style之后，原文中出現(xiàn)了...it actually makes a feature of the internal skeleton，其中原文skeleton和題干中的bones都是表示骨骼的意思。

32.B此題的定位詞是Yam style以及curvier。

33.C聽到Modern paintings之后注意聆聽題干的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，發(fā)現(xiàn)原文中出現(xiàn)了the Europeans without any hands，這和題干表達的意思一致。

34.A此題的答案出現(xiàn)在轉(zhuǎn)折詞but之后。

35.B原文中提到了fish，并且在同一個句子中出現(xiàn)了Yam period,只要考生能夠反應過來fish和sea creatures是同義表達的話就不難選出答案。

36.B聽力原文在35題的答案出現(xiàn)之后反復強調(diào)Yam tradition，考生可以據(jù)此作答。

37.animal/creature首先判斷答案應該是名詞，然后發(fā)現(xiàn)題干中的identify和原文中的locate是同義轉(zhuǎn)換，根據(jù)這兩點可以作答。

38.sea/water level(s)environment和change是此題的定位詞。并且題干中的higher和原文中的rising都表達升高的意思。因而，可以根據(jù)這兩點找出答案。

39.hunting原文中的traditional patterns的意思是傳統(tǒng)模式，和題干中的traditional activities是同義表達。并且，especially和原文中的particular的意思都是“特別，特殊”。那么這兩對同義轉(zhuǎn)換足以幫助考生定位答題點。

40.creation此題的答案creation在錄音中被明顯重讀。筆記填空題中，凡是明顯重讀的單詞往往是正確答案。

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